Tetrapyrgos subdendrophora
no common name
Marasmiaceae

Species account author: Ian Gibson.
Extracted from Matchmaker: Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest.

Introduction to the Macrofungi

Photograph

© Adolf Ceska     (Photo ID #18642)


Map

E-Flora BC Static Map

Distribution of Tetrapyrgos subdendrophora
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Species Information

Summary:
The features of Tetrapyrgos subdendrophora include 1) small size, 2) a circular to ear-shaped, convex, white, hoary cap that stains bluish gray to grayish brown when old, 3) distant, white, anastomosing pseudogills, 4) short, lateral, minutely hoary, whitish to blackish stem, 5) growth on grasses, sedges, and berry canes, and 6) microscopic characters including pyramidal to tetrahedron-like spores. It is rarely collected.
Cap:
0.5-1.16cm, circular to ear-shaped, convex; white, color not changing but herbarium specimens yellow-brown with age; dry, somewhat translucent, minutely canescent [hoary]
Gills:
pseudogills, anastomosing, up to 0.2cm distant; white, (Redhead(10)), "shallowly adnexed to adnate", distant with 1-2 tiers of subgills, anastomosing and interveined when old; "white, staining bluish gray", (Desjardin), "shallowly adnate to adnexed, distant", with 1-2 series of subgills, "strongly anastomosing and intervenose, edges pruinose, white, staining the color of the cap when old", (Honan)
Stem:
short, lateral, minutely canescent, gray, (Redhead(10)), 0.1-0.3cm x 0.05cm, "eccentric to nearly lateral, curved, arising through a cleft" in the cap, cylindric or narrowing downwards, "tough, solid, insititious"; "apex white, base bluish black to black" [photographs show stem predominantly blackish]; "dry, white-pruinose overall", (Desjardin), 0.05-0.3cm x 0.05-0.1cm, "eccentric to strongly eccentric, appearing lateral in side view", arising through the cleft in cap, "even or slightly tapered downward, solid"; white at apex, "base black to blue black"; "white-pruinose overall, arising from a black basal disc", (Honan)
Odor:
none noticed, (Redhead(10)), indistinct (Desjardin), not distinctive (Honan)
Taste:
indistinct (Desjardin), not distinctive (Honan)
Microscopic spores:
spores 8-10 x 6-7 microns, triangular, pyramidal, or tetrahedron-like in shape, inamyloid, colorless, sometimes guttulate; basidia 4-spored, 28-35 x 7-8 microns, clavate; tibiiform cystidia abundant on pseudogills and cap margin, occasionally intermixed with dendrophysoid elements forming a "Rameales" structure on the cap; metuloids lacking; trama and context hyphae with clamp connections, gelatinized, 1.5-2 microns wide, (Redhead(10)), spores 8-12 x 5.5-10 microns, "triangular to tetrahedral", inamyloid, colorless; cheilocystidia, pileocystidia and caulocystidia cylindric-capitate, "densely diverticulate", clamp connections present [at least in cap cuticle], (Desjardin), spores (6.4)8-12 x (4.8)5.6-10.4 microns, "triangular to shallowly tetrahedral, often with a large vacuole", colorless, "inamyloid, thin-walled"; basidia 4-spored 36-45 x 3.2-8 microns, clavate, colorless, "inamyloid, thin-walled, clamped"; basidioles 28-38 x 4-7 microns, "clavate to fusoid", colorless, "inamyloid, thin-walled"; pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia common, 40-64 x 3.2-9.5 microns, irregularly cylindric, apex capitate 6.5-9.5 microns in diameter, colorless, "inamyloid, thin-walled to firm-walled" (up to 0.7 microns thick), "ranging from non-diverticulate to somewhat densely diverticulate on the central axis, pedicellate, rarely entirely diverticulate", diverticula 0.8-4(8.8) x 0.8-2.4(4.8) microns, cylindric or knob-like, "occasionally branched"; cap cuticle a Rameales-structure "of loosely interwoven diverticulate hyphae with suberect to erect terminal cells", terminal cells 35-53 x 3-8 microns, irregularly cylindric, "densely diverticulate below a clavate to bulbous capitulum", 5.5-8 microns in diameter, "apex occasionally thick-walled", colorless, "inamyloid, thin-walled", diverticula 0.8-4 x 0.8-3.2 microns, cylindric to knob-like, occasionally conic or branched; stem cuticle similar to cap cuticle; clamp connections present, (Honan)
Spore deposit:
white (Desjardin)
Notes:
It is found at least in BC (including the holotype) and OR, (Redhead). T. subdendrophora is also found in CA (Desjardin).
EDIBILITY

Habitat and Range

SIMILAR SPECIES
Marasmiellus candidus "is typically larger with a central stipe, stains pink (not bluish gray) in age, and has elongate-ellipsoid spores", (Desjardin(6)). Resinomycena saccharifera "also occurs on dead sedge stems but does not discolor in age and has non-intervenose gills, ellipsoid spores, and a central white stipe", (Desjardin(6)). Tetrapyrgos nigripes occurs in eastern North America and has a well-developed central blackish stipe - it "is recognized by a white pruinose pileus that may discolor grey in spots, diverticulate cystidial elements with bulbous apex, and a black or blue-black stipe covered with pruinae and arising from a dark basal disc" (Honan(1)).
Habitat
on grasses and Rubus canes in cavities in dense enclosing vegetation, (Redhead(6)), single to gregarious, "on dead stems of sedges, beach grass, blackberry, or various shrubs in moist shaded habitats", late fall to mid-winter in coastal forests, (Desjardin for California), on monocot leaves and stems of Carex spp., Phalaris arundinaea and various other grasses, and rarely on dicot stems (Rubus) and twigs (Baccharis)

Synonyms

Synonyms and Alternate Names:
Campanella subdendrophora Redhead